Fall leaves are a valuable resource, useful for replenishing a lawn or garden. And they’re free!

As autumn rolls in, gardeners everywhere face the same question: What should I do with all these fallen leaves? While it may be tempting to rake, blow, bag, and haul them away, nature has already designed leaves to play an important role in the garden ecosystem As they break down leaves decompose to benefit plants and the soil, making them a valuable – and free – resource instead of “nature’s trash”. But is leaving them always the best choice? Let’s dig into the benefits, drawbacks, and best practices so you can decide what’s right for your lawn and garden beds.

The Benefits of Leaving Fallen Leaves

Free, Natural Mulch

Fallen leaves provide a protective layer that suppresses weeds, retains soil moisture, and moderates soil temperature to insulate plants—just like store-bought mulch, but free!

A Boost for Soil Health

When leaves from trees and shrubs drop and decompose, they add nutrition and organic matter gradually to the soil, feeding your soil with essential nutrients. Leaves are one of the main ingredients that Nature uses to create soil. Over time, decomposed leaves improve soil structure, making it richer and easier to work with.

Wildlife Habitat

Many pollinators and beneficial insects—like butterflies, moths, and ladybugs—rely on leaf litter to overwinter. Leaving some leaves creates safe havens for the tiny creatures that help your garden thrive.

When Fallen Leaves Can Cause Problems

• Smothering Your Lawn: A thick, matted blanket of leaves can block sunlight and air, suffocating your grass.
• Disease and Pests: In certain cases, leaves can harbor fungal spores or pests from diseased trees.
• Slippery Surfaces: Leaves on driveways, patios, or walkways can become hazardous when wet.

The Best Practices for Gardeners

Should I leave fallen leaves on my lawn?

Yes—but only if they’re managed properly. Leaving a thin layer of shredded leaves can feed your lawn by returning nutrients to the soil. A thick, whole layer, however, can suffocate grass and invite disease. Run over them with a mower first to create a light mulch.

Are fallen leaves good for flower and shrub beds?

Absolutely. A 2–3 inch layer of leaves protects roots, conserves moisture, and suppresses weeds.

• Shredded leaves are best: They break down faster, stay in place, and look tidier.
• Whole leaves can still work, but they may mat down—so apply them loosely and avoid piling too thickly.

Do shredded leaves make good mulch?

Yes! Shredded leaves are one of the most versatile mulches available. They’re easy to spread, quick to decompose, and deliver nutrients as they break down—at no cost to you.

Can I compost fallen leaves?

Definitely. Leaves are one of the best “browns” you can add to compost.

• Browns (like dried leaves) are rich in carbon and provide structure and airflow.
• Greens (like grass clippings and kitchen scraps) are rich in nitrogen and break down quickly.
• A good compost pile needs both. Without enough browns, compost turns slimy and smelly.

Pro tips: Leaves break down faster if they are shredded before adding to compost. If you have more leaves than you can use right away, shred and bag some to add gradually throughout the year.

Are there times when I shouldn’t leave leaves in the garden?

Yes. If leaves show signs of disease—like mildew, rust, or black spots—don’t use them as mulch or compost. And never leave thick mats of whole leaves on your lawn, as they block air and sunlight.

Do leaves help pollinators and wildlife?

Absolutely. Many beneficial insects, such as butterflies, moths, and ladybugs, rely on leaf litter to survive the winter. By leaving some leaves undisturbed in quiet corners of your yard, you create valuable habitat that helps your garden’s ecosystem thrive.

In fall, don’t rake leaves — mow them. A mulching mower can chop leaves into bits which form a fast-decaying mulch that feeds the grass.

Leaf Management Do's and Don'ts

✅ Do:

• Shred leaves with a mower before spreading them on lawns or beds.
• Use leaves as a free, natural mulch around perennials, shrubs, and trees.
• Add leaves to your compost pile as a much-needed “brown.”
• Save extra shredded leaves in bags to balance compost throughout the year.
• Leave a portion of your yard undisturbed to support pollinators and wildlife.

❌ Don’t:

• Leave thick, whole leaf layers on your lawn—they can smother grass.
• Use diseased or pest-infested leaves as mulch or compost.
• Pile leaves too deeply in beds; aim for 2–3 inches max.
• Forget to clear leaves off driveways, sidewalks, and decks where they can be slippery.

The Bottom Line

So, should you leave fallen leaves in your lawn and garden beds?
Yes—with a little strategy. Shredded or composted leaves are a gardener’s best friend, enriching soil and protecting plants. Whole leaves can be useful in beds if applied loosely, while shredded leaves are the most versatile option for mulching and composting. By finding a balance—mulching some, composting others, and leaving a few for wildlife—you’ll turn autumn cleanup into a win for your garden.